No offense to Rosa Brooks, who laments in Foreign Policy over Barack Obama’s supposed failure to provide a “grand strategy,” but it seems to me that the administration is doing just fine.
It’s true that U.S. foreign policy can’t be summed up succinctly or in flashy headlines, but the broad thrust of working to counter future threats is a step in the right direction. No, we don’t have talk like that of Reagan’s Cold War “Evil Empire” challenge or even George W. Bush’s “Axis of Evil.” But the United States has been placed on a clear course of shifting U.S. attention toward the Asia-Pacific and the Indo-Pacific as it winds down the two conflicts that have dominated the past decade.
America exists in a complex, multi-threat world, and there simply isn’t a “grand strategy” that neatly encapsulates all the challenges it faces. Grand strategies can undoubtedly sometimes be a good thing, and I sometimes personally wish the United States could craft a buzz-worthy foreign policy mission statement that it could confidently plug around the world. However, such a singular idea needs a singular global challenge, one that can rally not just Americans, but other nations to a universal threat.
For now, at least, it’s just not there.
That’s not to say that America doesn’t face serious challenges overseas – it does. China is quickly developing military capabilities that seem aimed at denying U.S. forces entry into any combat zone (the Anti-Access or the much ballyhooed A2/AD that we love to write about). Iran also appears to have a similar strategy in mind, hence the increased U.S. military focus on these parts of the world. Today, therefore, the Department of Defense press conference and white paper further illustrates the United States’ efforts to move away from the wars of the past decade to focus on these new developments.
This shift isn’t something new – U.S. forces have been moving into the Pacific since the George W. Bush administration, a shift that has been continued and fleshed out by the Obama administration, including in Secretary of State Clinton’s article in Foreign Policy declaring the U.S. intention to adopt a more “Pacific-based” approach to international affairs. Obama followed this up with a visit to Australia to announce increasing collaboration, as well as to attend the East Asia Summit, where he pushed for the Trans-Pacific Partnership. All this might not fit neatly on an 8x10 postcard, much less in a punchy headline, but it sounds like a strategy to me.
Yet the United States also faces challenges at home, including the ongoing threat of terrorism and an extremely fragile economic recovery. The challenges the United States faces in 2012, then, are real but multifaceted.
A neatly packaged grand strategy worked well in the Cold War. One could even make a good argument the “War on Terror” was a good buzz phrase for its time. But in 2012, The United States doesn’t face one giant, present threat, and it is therefore looking to the future, and what it may face in different parts of the world and at home. Of course, Obama may not be making the case clearly enough for some, or he might be on the wrong track altogether – but those are different issues. In the meantime, a strategy has clearly been crafted.
But if you are looking for a post-it note foreign policy how about this: life’s complicated.








Kimbo Y Laurel
No,USA does not need a “Grand Strategy” to achieve their goal but it needs a cooperation of their allies and must support them.
Andrew Brown
One thing to remember about foreign policy in general and America’s in particular is that the most critical audience is not the ROW but the John Q. Public sitting at home (and paying for all of those troops, power projecting carrier battle groups, think tank wonks and drone strikes).
As much weight as the mighty focus of American foreign policy has for those who study it the reality is that much (if not most) of its true value can be measured by the willingness elicited among the American public to continue engagement in the ROW in any meaningful way. By this measure the (dare I say it) secretive and hyper-obscure policy measures engaged in by the Obama administration has not done its job selling itself very well to the public at large. Particularly for hard core Obama supporters the continuation (and intensification in many cases) of Bush era policies must be seen as anything but a move in the “right” direction.
The need to have a meaningful and focused foreign policy in America is extreme. But even more than that is the absolutely critical need to explain (and thus hopefully garner support for) said policies to the public at large. That the present administration has done a poor job at this is a rather glaring failure and one that will have echos especially as we move towards a major realignment towards the East and away from traditional areas of heavy engagement. For America’s foreign policy to work it first and foremost needs to be intelligible to the people who man it, pay for it and at the end of the day are the only ones on the planet who can today really pull the plug on it.
Siddharth
The US is itself an Evil Empire.
Matt
The gap between what we think the world is like and what reality is is so great it would be insane to believe we are capable of properly forming any strategy. The evidence is Afghanistan, Iraq, Libya, Egypt, Gaza and on and on where we actually would have been better off staying the hell out of it.
If you don’t believe me ask Ray LaHood’s son how our strategy is working out in Egypt. Should we have learned from Gaza? Why bother waisting our time being wrong so many times? It is like staring at the sun while our Titanic is sinking.
And while we have been trying to turn blood into wine in the ME we have fallen flat on our face at the southern border where our sovereignty is an utter joke.
Liang1a
Matt wrote:
January 27, 2012 at 5:26 pm
The gap between what we think the world is like and what reality is is so great it would be insane to believe we are capable of properly forming any strategy. The evidence is Afghanistan, Iraq, Libya, Egypt, Gaza and on and on where we actually would have been better off staying the hell out of it.
If you don’t believe me ask Ray LaHood’s son how our strategy is working out in Egypt. Should we have learned from Gaza? Why bother waisting our time being wrong so many times? It is like staring at the sun while our Titanic is sinking.
And while we have been trying to turn blood into wine in the ME we have fallen flat on our face at the southern border where our sovereignty is an utter joke.
———————————
Liang’s comment:
China’s sovereign territories in the S. China Sea have belonged to China from the beginning. But the entire south western US once belonged to Mexico. It can legitimately be argued that the US is occupying Mexican territories. Certainly, the US needs to pull back its overseas forces especially from the western Pacific. This is no time for America to pick on the most powerful nation on earth.
Batau Lai
@dear old liang1a, SCS has never been China’s, except your old slippery memory.
Why can’t China go to an International court to settle its bogus claim with Vietnam and the Philippines? Claiming that Chinese looked at the moon first, does not mean it belong to China.
Liang1a
Batau Lai wrote:
January 28, 2012 at 4:44 pm
@dear old liang1a, SCS has never been China’s, except your old slippery memory.
Why can’t China go to an International court to settle its bogus claim with Vietnam and the Philippines? Claiming that Chinese looked at the moon first, does not mean it belong to China.
————————
Liang’s response:
Those who wants to know the proof of China’s historical sovereignty over S. China Sea can go to the following link:
http://www.spratlys.org/history/spratly-islands-history-timeline.htm
http://chinesejil.oxfordjournals.org/content/1/1/94.full.pdf
There is no need to go to the world court to settle a patently facetious and malicious suit. Would you go to the world court to answer a claim that China owns Manila? Or that China owns New York? Or that China owns England? The best answer is for China to sweep these invaders from Chinese sovereign territories and be done with it. The agony continues far beyond necessity only because the CCP government simply doesn’t want to lift a finger to endanger the profits of the compradors. Just let China sink the Philippines naval vessels and all of this can be put behind us and all can go back to do economic development which will ultimately benefit all, especially most of all the Filipino peoples who need the Chinese investments. No investment can come from the US because it is too poor. The Filipino politicians such as Aquino will benefit from robbing Chinese oil. The Filipino people will never see a dime of that oil money. And it is the Americans who are pushing the Filipino people to get killed to stir up antagonism between them and Chinese who are the only ones who can truly help the common people of Philippines.
As to claiming the moon, China will claim what it is entitled to claim when it gets to the moon.
Liang1a
Batau Lai wrote:
January 28, 2012 at 4:44 pm
@dear old liang1a, SCS has never been China’s, except your old slippery memory.
Why can’t China go to an International court to settle its bogus claim with Vietnam and the Philippines? Claiming that Chinese looked at the moon first, does not mean it belong to China.
————————
Liang’s response:
Since you brought up the subject of the moon, let me give you the following quote. As you can see, the US is no longer able to sustain a moon program. The recent talks of Gingrich about establishing a manned moon base has received a lot of opposition and even ridicule from his fellow Republicans. But China is now proceeding with a sustainable moon program that will ultimately establish China as the first on the moon beginning in 2025. When that happens, we’ll claim what we are entitled to claim. So we’ll see who will be laughing at whom then. As I said, it is time for the Americans to get their heads out of the sand and show a little respect to the Chinese. Arrogance ill becomes a beggar. Historically, the Americans and the Westerners were the beggars who lived in hovels when the Chinese were living in palaces. They are the upstart in the last century and their time in the sun is already ending.
Incidentally, there are people who dispute the American claim of having landed a man on the moon. So maybe it is the Chinese who will be the first on the moon after all.
==========================
http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2011/dec/30/china-manned-moon-mission-lunar
China has mapped the moon from two orbiting spacecraft and has plans for an unmanned lander, a lunar rover, and a mission to return 2kg of moon rock to Earth by 2020. The space agency this year demonstrated in-orbit rendezvous and docking tests between two spacecraft, laying the foundations for the construction of a future space station.
The emergence of China as a spacefaring nation has the potential to threaten US prestige in space, by inspiring a new generation with headline-grabbing crewed missions.
ari
Right-wing Americans still do not understand how angry they made other ethnic groups and nationalities feel when they went around together with their British forebear invading and conquering foreign lands and declaring them British or American dominions or colonies. It’d be interesting to let Americans feel they have lost their “moon” if Chinese “taikonauts” land on the moon and declare it Chinese land and proceed therefore to defend it as its colony. So when Americans look at the moon, remember, it is “Red Commies’” moon, and gnash their teeth and tear their garments in anger and anguish. Ha Ha. What a wonderful thought. Any volunteers for “dream on!”?
Jayvee F
Bogus info, Liang1a. Anyone could make up those flimsy and fabricated website, articles.
Any chinese kids can draw the U shape, ox-tounge shape on SCS sea map then, claim most of the sea belong to China. Those info you provided seems made up by the CCP. By the way, the crazy website has lots of mis-spelling and clearly it has been made up by the chinese for some uneducated readers to see.
Cyrus14
Top 10 Trading partner of the Philippines:
United States of America
Japan
Singapore
Taiwan
Hong Kong
Germany
South Korea
Saudi Arabia
Malaysia
Netherlands
Where is China I wonder?
So yeah what were you saying liang?
Matt
Our govt. is only capable of Grand Tragedies. Good intentions implemented by the deaf and blind out of respect for political correctness.
Liang1a
As the US is pivoting to the East Asia Pacific region the assumption is that all is well in Iraq and Afghanistan. But are these two areas really secure? Maybe. But the truth is more likely to be not. For there to be peace and security in Iraq there must be genuine goodwill between the Shiites and the Sunnis. I don’t think there is such a genuine goodwill between them. Therefore, it is just a matter of time before these two start shooting at each other again. Or if they reached peace amongst themselves there is no guarantee that the resultant Iraqi government and people will be friendly to the US. Saddam Hussein was not the only Iraqi hostile to America. So unless American soldiers had killed off all hostile Iraqis there will rise again a new hostile regime against America. Afghanistan is also not likely to remain friendly to the US if it left. Afghanistan will always be Afghanistan. And if the US get deeply mired in an unending war in Asia against China then it will encourage both Iraq and Afghanistan to chase away the remaining American presense in their countries and all the efforts of the Americans in the last 10 years will be for naught.
So if America’s grand strategy is to confront China then it is on the beginning of a hastening slide down the slippery slope. It will lose all influence in the Middle East while losing its lucrative economic foothold in China. American threat has already strengthen the support of the Chinese people for the military. The military budget will most probably increased to deploy more weapons of all kinds from thousands of 4th and 5th generation fighters, nuclear attack subs and missile boats, ICBMs, anti-ship missiles, etc. There will also be more calls from patriotic Chinese for phasing out exports and banning American investments in China. In the coming years, America will lose power and influence everywhere in the world. It will be challenged by Russia. China will be alarmed at the new threats by the American support for hostile neighbors. The Middle East will slide back to anti-American hostility again. African and S. American countries will find more trading partners away from the US. And the US itself will be less able to deal with domestic problems as its infrastructures crumble while its people become more discontented with protracted economic malaise caused especially by the declining imports from China due to the rising value of the yuan and the increasing displeasure of the Chinese people against American support for its hostile neighbors. And as Chinese imports declined inflation will shoot up in the US.
The only thing that will help America to survive is to establish a firm relationship with China by pulling all its military out of the Western Pacific; and shows signs of regard for China by slapping down Philippines and Vietnam and get them to leave China’s sovereign territories in S. China Sea. This will allow America to reduce military spending and reassure China of its goodwill. A strong and stable relationship with China will then discourage the Middle East from turning against the US. And the reduced military spending will allow more funding to be reallocated to do R&D, improve eudcation, improve the infrastructure, etc. to improve the lives of the American people. But given the graven in stone bigotry of the American people it is next to impossible for it to improve goodwill to China. So America will simply continue to slide down the slippery slope to economic disaster and second rate status as Russia resurges, Brazil rises, and Iran and Iraq forge a new Persian empire that see America as its mortal enemy. Unfortunately, the American people still continue to live in a dream world thinking it is still militarily invincible and continue to insult China until it is too late.
Lucifer
Dream on Liang1a. It sounds like, if you want to survive then you have to be China best buddy. Oh, by the way, let’s do it the old chinese way, whatever yours is ours and all mine is mine. LOL.
Liang1a
Lucifer wrote:
January 28, 2012 at 4:53 pm
Dream on Liang1a. It sounds like, if you want to survive then you have to be China best buddy. Oh, by the way, let’s do it the old chinese way, whatever yours is ours and all mine is mine. LOL.
——————————
Liang’s response:
You don’t have to China’s buddy. China may not necessarily want you for a buddy. Just don’t get in our way or you’d get kicked out of the way.
You’re the one still dreaming of manifest destiny. Time to wake up and face the new reality. The world does not owe you anything. And your lies of freedom and equality are wearing very thin with all the miserable racisms that see your blacks and Latinos owning only 1/20 the assets of whites while your jails are filled with these miserable underclass. And Filipinos and Vietnamese have the great honor of going to America to become janitors to clean white men’s toilets.
Papa John
Don’t be a Chinese racist in this website! Stop your nonsense and insults here if you can’t recall the time, where “No dogs or Chinese allowed” sign in Shanghai, old chinaman.
I request the Diplomat editor should ban this Liang1a in this forum. He has been showing symtoms of the mental illness!!
Papa John
This Liang1a guy has become a monopoly in this forum as everyone now tries to avoid debating with him. He is like a crazy guy, just escaped from a madhouse standing there keep babbling nonsense.
Cyrus14
Just ignore him, Chinese peaceful rise is funny. How come that their English Paper mouthpiece is asking for punishment to the Philippine Republic because of allowing more US troops in our sovereign territory.
I would really love the concept of US Spy Planes being stationed in the Philippines.
That would really annoy those damn Communist.
ari
Ha Ha. Good ones Liang 1a. It’s always interesting reading your writings. The Diplomat should offer a prize for the most absorbing and interesting writer/comentator on an annual basis. You will certainly have my vote. We need more optimistic and positive writers like you insofar as the Chinese nation is concerned. It will be a nice thought if the Politburo contacts you one day and invites you to join as an advisor or some position to that effect. You have much to contribute to China and Chinese.
ari
“Iraq and Iran forms a new Persian Empire”. That’s an interesting thought.
Liang1a
In 2011 China’s GDP in terms of yuan was 47.2 trillion. If it grew 8% in 2012 then its GDP will reach 51 trillion yuan at the end of 2012. If the yuan appreicates 0.50 yuan during 2012 to 5.80 yuan per dollar, then its nominal GDP at the end of 2012 will then be some $8.8 trillion. But in terms of PPP value of 3 yuan per dollar, China’s GDP at the end of 2012 will be $17 trillion. Even if the US grew 2% in 2012 its GDP will be $15.3 trillion and glaringly less than the Chinese GDP. This means that America’s dominance is over. It can no longer outspend China to arms race it to the ground. It is China who will arms race America into the ground as its economy continues to surge forward as it turns increasingly to develop its internal domestic economy that will allow it to grow sustainably regardless of what happens to the rest of the world.
Therefore, America cannot make any kind of grand strategy without taking cognizance of this essential fact. America should admit to itself that its day of pushing China around is over and that henceforward it must respect China’s rights and interests. If it tried to suppress China then the certain outcome is the destruction of the US. Only a friendly relationship with China will allow America to survive let alone prosper. A wise man must know when to raise and when to fold. It is time for America to fold its old hostile policies against China and begin a new grand strategy of friendship with China.
Devindra Sethid
President Obama has clearly enunciated the Grand Strategy for his country.It will bear fruit in the years ahead as it is based on democracy,partnerships,mutual security,economics and a willingness to lead the world. Not withstanding the rehtoric espoused by non democratic nations and their media most countries of the world have in recent weeks clearly indicated their preference.In the decade ahead the american education system, which is excellent and beyond compare,will bring in more adherents to a safe, globalized,democratic and rules based world.There will be hiccups/ups & downs but nothing which cannot be resolved in mature negotiated forums like the WTO / G20. Americans have little to fear for it is their largess which enabled the rise of countries like China.An industrial pivot away by the U.S./ EU corporate sector from coastal zones of China to new locations in India / ASEAN/ ANZUS countries in the next five years would change the global economic dynamics.The TPP solution is an idea whose time has come. That should be the buzz word for US Grand strategy.
Henok
You can come back in 2112(one hundred years from now) and find the united states enforcing law and order around here. This is America my friends; ask around what it means to be America. America means resilience. America mean Prosperity. America means strength. America means complete dominance. America means leadership. And most of all America means Freedom.
After taking numerous lead roles in global affairs the United States has mastered the art global law enforcement and crowned it self the advocate of dignity of humanity, human rights. Through its numerous engagement with the bad guys on various fronts my beloved county has grown the thickest and impenetrable defensive skins of any county on earth.
I have a question for you… Which county saved the world from the Nazies? Was it china, Iran or Japan? I want you to pay your appreciation and respect for the west every day you go without speaking German or is it called Dutch? But who cares what it is called thanks to America.
Its hard to overstate the importance of America’s leadership in the world. The USA has a roll to play in the world which it does very well. Whether you like it or not the United states has established a solid reliable leadership role (like no other) that world government like Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Philippines, Indonesia depend on. To name a few from your back-yard.
It is certain that challenges will arise time to time and we shall overcome.
You must understand, The United States Will not retire or surrender its crown as that’ll cause an imbalance and deep rooted turbulence and destroy the NATURAL arrangement of world order. Long Live The United States Of America, the Friend of Man Kind and Human Dignity.
Wolfgang Nguyen
Hear, hear…
The USA is the land of World’s best people come together, live and build a better life. The USA will thrived and survived.
ari
America means freedom? Not the way it is going about it, mate. Freedom perhaps for Americans, but even that is increasingly subject to debate. Washington’s foreign policy is to remove freedom, liberty and sovereignty from other countries and their nationals. You can ask the Japanese, Koreans, Chinese, Afghans, Pakistanis, Egyptians, Tunisians, Bahrainese, Cubans, etc.. America the great? More like America the evil empire, the war-monger, the lying, slanderous, vainglorious and arrogant b*st*rd in the eyes of many countries. Sorry to have to say that but that’s the truth, the reality.
Papa John
Do you think you can speak for other Asians? The fact is you can only speak for yourself and you can’t even speak for a majority of mainland Chinese. Stop playing a victim here. The big bad bully China scares her neighbors to death. This is a reality.
Cyrus14
I am an Asian of Malay ancestry and the Philippines is concerned with Chinese agression save the Commies here.
Long Live the US!
The_Observer
The currency issue is also a red herring. If the US administration by some means manages to force the Chinese to let the RMB float like they forced the Japanese to float the Yen in the 1980s then it will be a two-edged sword because of the large inter-linkages between the two economies. Currency speculators would dive into the RMB forcing it up and cause many Chinese companies to go belly up. It will also cause US owned Chinese factories to be less profitable. It will however also affect US interest rates. Older US Treasury Bonds would be dumped and newer issues would have a higher interest rate. That would generate more interest debt for the USA and increase inflation. It may even cause the USD to cease being the currency of trade settlement. Thats when the s_it will really hit the fan.
Liang1a
The_Observer wrote:
January 28, 2012 at 11:03 am
The currency issue is also a red herring. If the US administration by some means manages to force the Chinese to let the RMB float like they forced the Japanese to float the Yen in the 1980s then it will be a two-edged sword because of the large inter-linkages between the two economies. Currency speculators would dive into the RMB forcing it up and cause many Chinese companies to go belly up. It will also cause US owned Chinese factories to be less profitable. It will however also affect US interest rates. Older US Treasury Bonds would be dumped and newer issues would have a higher interest rate. That would generate more interest debt for the USA and increase inflation. It may even cause the USD to cease being the currency of trade settlement. Thats when the s_it will really hit the fan.
————————————
Liang’s response:
There is no reason for any Chinese companies to go belly up if they are not involved in exports. That is to say, only those Chinese companies that rely exclusively or mostly on exports will go belly up. Those Chinese companies that rely on domestic businesses will do very nicely and can continue to grow for the next 30 years. This is the insidiousness of exports and why China must force exports to be reduced as quickly as possible so that China can develop independently and not become dependent on foreign markets.
Those who talk glibly about current accounts, trade settlements, etc. don’t seem to understand that all those things are just garbage and not only irrelevant but dangerous and counterproductive to the Chinese economic development. It is the domestic development that is important. Exports must be shut down in order for domestic development to grow. So stop talking about currency speculations, linkages, etc. and start talking about indigenous technological advancement, urbanization of the farmers, increasing productivity, expanding medical services, etc.
Cyrus14
Go ahead isolate yourselves and let’s see if you could possibly survive alone. Yeah, dont export oil then alryt?
Im loling on this comment.
Anna Simons
For a different kind of Grand Strategy, one that is transparently principled and should appeal to 21st century diplomats, uniformed personnel, Americans, and non-Americans alike, take a look at the arguments in The Sovereignty Solution: A Commonsense Approach to Global Security (recently published by the Naval Institute Press). The book describes how and why it would stand everyone in better stead if “don’t tread on me” was married to “to each his own,” sovereignty were reinvigorated (we explain how), and those choosing to serve as heads of state were compelled to not only be responsible for but responsive to their own populations. Just because the world is complicated does not mean that U.S. foreign policy need be unprincipled, or simplistic. However, it can surely be simplified.
Mike Swanson
Does the U.S need a Grand Strategy? I am frankly surprised by this article and this question. Without an Grand Strategy, the US is destined to continue to “drift” from crisis to crisis and from the “pet” International issue of one Administration to the next. Surprising! Think about our history… Manifest Destiny… Monroe Doctrine… Containment… each were strategies that guided the Republic over a period that transcended bi-partisan politics, focused national attention and resources. Yes! We need a Grand Strategy now more than ever… or we drift with the political winds. I would welcome comments from the author.
Gene Myers
Lidell-Hart wrote his stuff when England was worried about the Huns…full stop.
“National strategy” was a lot easier, if it ever is (or should be) truly easy.
The world is different today (a blinding statement of the obvious). US national
and military strategy must take into account threats as diverse as European
economic crises, the Taliban, Chinese resurgence, drug lords in Mexico, Iranian
nukes, loose cannons in Israel, a diminishing US defense industrial base…and
so on. I do agree that if we do not remedy our nation’s economic woes our
national security will suffer, and indeed is suffering. That’s one of the
threats strategy must consider…and it is a threat, a serious one. However, a
big issue in this discussion is the politicians’ temptation to simplify the
process to easily transmitted sound bites. That’s a dangerous habit. If there is
a relevant catch phrase (I shudder), perhaps it is “achieve maximum national
politico-military flexibility.” Naah, nobody knows what “politico-military”
is. Could I be a cynic during this political silly season?